The landscape photographs in my series “May Be an Image of Nature” show the landscapes created by humans and simulated habitats for zoo animals. Landscapes that at first glance are more appearance than reality; after all, they “only” imitate real nature. But aren’t they just as much landscapes as naturally grown areas and those cultural landscapes that have been changed by humans over the centuries? Can’t such images also be images of nature, as the title of the series suggests?
What fascinates me about these places is the illusion of freedom. As an academically trained geographer, I see boundaries even where you shouldn’t see them. The new cages no longer need iron bars; they are embedded in the landscape, for example through ditches that are hidden behind small hedges and walls, creating the illusion that the animals live behind them almost as if they were in the wild. But the disappearance of bars from zoos does not make the animals freer, it only frees the visitors’ view.
Only those who do not immediately recognize what is shown in a photo begin to look consciously. This is how you discover that every simulation contains glitches, including the simulation of freedom in modern zoos. At second glance, you are almost amazed at how clumsily these artificial landscapes are put together: poorly camouflaged doors lie in rock walls. Tufts of grass grow out of glaciers. And eyelets can be seen on a block of ice.
Zoos are publicly accessible places that often function as spaces for communal experience. The artificial landscapes in zoos reflect a constructed ideal of nature that is created for the community. This raises questions about how "shared" nature and resources are designed, used and presented. The series points out how nature is designed as a resource in zoos - not through its natural form, but through human constructs. This questions who owns "nature" and how it is used.
Artificial landscapes in zoos are an example of the appropriation and commercialization of nature. The images can make visible the alienation caused by artificial constructions and thus serve as a visual commentary on the discrepancy between natural and artificial landscapes.