Singapore, a tiny dense, hyper urban city-state, run like a company, presents itself as the green city. However it is not always what it seems and it comes at cost.
In 2022 Bukit Brown cemetery will be 100 years. With 100,000 graves the largest Chinese cemetery outside China. Once a central and sacred space for the pioneering immigrants who shaped the nation of colonial SG,. More than 200 ha of woodland. Full of overgrown statues and tombstones, an archive of the nation’s past , a treasure trove of personal stories. Full of unruly nature , lush and unkept; a stark contrast to the close-by cityscape where nature is highly engineered to suit Singapore’s garden city vision.
But its fate looks grim. A new eight-lane highway opened in 2019. Cutting right through the heart of this long unspoiled land and leaving 4000 graves exhumed. A rare patch of hidden jungle in the city destroyed. The remainder of Bukit Brown is also doomed as it is earmarked for residential use.
Singapore aggressively pursued its reputation as a green city as early as the 60’s. It was purely economically motivated. The newly independent country was in the rush of rapid economic development end urbanisation. It wanted to underscore to investors that the country was well run, orderly and stable. Therefore thousands of roadside trees were planted, all monospecies and the same height. Thousands of public housing blocks were built. The landscape of the whole country was drastically intervened with. Hardly any of the original vegetation or forest is still left.
In Singapore the landscape continues to change, influenced by the competing needs of industry, housing, entertainment and infrastructure. Under the discourses of land scarcity, land allocation is prioritised for these activities with only manufactured green included.
The thousands of roadside trees between the public housing blocks present a deceptive sea of green. A garden city: bio-diversity manicured by economics.
With ambitious billion-dollar projects like the Gardens At The Bay and The Jewel Changi Airport, Singapore wants to put itself at the forefront of 'eco-tourism'. Projects aimed at luring the traveller rather than nourishing the locals. Domesticated green.
This series of photos contrasts the the beauty of the disappearing patches of indigenous wild vegetations with the artificial and futuristic vision of a human engineered garden city.
The fight to preserve the remainder of this unique historical and ecological haven at Bukit Brown is certain to continue. In the meantime the highway has already left another ugly and permanent scar.