Once upon a time there was Coroglio, which was the large beach that begins at the foot of the Posillipo hill and connects it with the Bagnoli district.
Once upon a time there was a large beach which was also a summer holiday resort for the Neapolitans.
But "Once upon a time" is an expression that does not indicate a regret, but only the historical context from which what was the largest industrial area in the South was born.
Why right by the sea?
Because the sea is an important communication "tool" for the importation of goods: materials and finished products.
It is especially so for a peninsular country like Italy with 8,000 kilometers of coastline, but substantially lacking of raw materials such as, for example, iron ore and fossil coal which were the materials from which the industrial revolution was born.
Despite this, Italy is one of the major industrial powers on earth.
This is thanks to the sea which has allowed the import of raw materials whose transformation into finished products has, in turn, allowed the export of consumer goods whose value is much higher than the imported goods.
It is for these reasons that Italy decided to become a large steel producer by creating what was called the integral cycle steel industry. Objective that was achieved with the construction of four large centers all on the seashore: in Genoa Conegliano, in Piombino, in Naples-Bagnoli, in Taranto. Where did the imported materials arrive (essentially iron ore and fossil coal) which in the iron and steel plants (the steelworks) would become cast iron and steel.
This is how, thanks also to the "legge speciale" for Naples in 1904, the Coroglio beach began to gradually transform itself into an industrial area.
First ILVA born in 1910, then the cement factory in 1927, then Eternit (manufacturer of extremely dangerous asbestos) in 1936. But already in 1853 the Lefevre glass company had established itself on the seashore.
Subsequent events caused by the presence of polluting industries in the western area of Naples and by the imposition of the European Union to reduce steel production, led to the progressive closure of the industries in the area.
What is called Disposal was born. Phenomenon that concerned most of the large industrial areas in particular in Milan and in Turin. It is a phenomenon that has also led to the objective of "filling the voids" caused by decommissioning with a positive impact on the quality of the environment and on the economy. Avoiding that the decommissioning meant only the creation of open-air museums of industrial archeology.
This series of images is an extract from the long-term research conducted by photographers Mario Ferrara and Lorenzo Leone in the former industrial area. In the selection, the authors choose to dialogue by confronting each other on different scales, both of representation and of distance, returning a vision that reveals from the extension of space to the current state of the places.
These photographs do not intend to issue judgments on the large abandoned area of Bagnoli, on what the 2004 Regulatory Plan envisaged to achieve, on what has been achieved... But only to let the images speak; which are essentially evidences that attest to the existence of a past.